Connacht formerly Anglicized as Connaught, is the western province of Ireland, comprising counties Galway, Leitrim, Mayo, Roscommon and Sligo. Its main urban centers are Galway in the south and Sligo in the north. It is the smallest of the four Irish provinces, with a population of 503,083.

In Irish the province is usually Cúige Chonnacht, meaning the province (literally, the fifth) belonging to the Connachta dynasty. Ireland had five provinces until the Norman Conquest, and the dynasty claimed descent from the mythical king Conn. An alternative anglicized spelling which was officially used during English and British rule is Connaught. In 1874 Queen Victoria granted the title Duke of Connaught to her third son, and could trace a descent from the Connachta.